Litsamaiso tsa PCR tsa nako ea 'nete: Ho ntlafatsa Lipatlisiso le Tlhahlobo

Sistimi ea nako ea 'nete ea PCRli fetotse mafapha a baeloji ea limolek'hule le tlhahlobo ea mafu ka ho fa bafuputsi le lingaka lisebelisoa tse matla tsa ho hlahloba li-nucleic acid. Theknoloji e khona ho lemoha le ho lekanya tatellano e itseng ea DNA kapa RNA ka nako ea sebele, e leng se etsang hore e be letlotlo la bohlokoa mefuteng e fapaneng ea lipatlisiso le mekhoa ea ho hlahloba.

E 'ngoe ea melemo ea mantlha ea sistimi ea PCR ea nako ea nnete ke bokhoni ba bona ba ho fana ka liphetho tse potlakileng, tse nepahetseng. Mekhoa ea setso ea PCR e hloka tlhahlobo ea kamora ho holisa, e ka nkang nako le mosebetsi o boima. Ka lehlakoreng le leng, litsamaiso tsa PCR tsa nako ea 'nete li thusa bafuputsi ho beha leihlo ho holisoa ha DNA kapa RNA, ka hona ba lemoha tatelano ea sepheo ka nako ea nnete. Sena ha se boloke nako feela empa se boetse se fokotsa kotsi ea tšoaetso le liphoso tsa batho, ho etsa hore PCR ea nako ea sebele e be theknoloji e sebetsang hantle le e tšepahalang ea tlhahlobo ea limolek'hule.

Litlhophisong tsa lipatlisiso, litsamaiso tsa PCR tsa nako ea 'nete li sebelisoa haholo bakeng sa tlhahlobo ea polelo ea liphatsa tsa lefutso, genotyping, le ho lemoha likokoana-hloko. Bokhoni ba ho lekanya maemo a polelo ea liphatsa tsa lefutso ka nako ea nnete bo ntlafalitse haholo kutloisiso ea rona ea lits'ebetso tse fapaneng tsa tlhaho le mekhoa ea mafu. Bafuputsi ba ka sebelisa PCR ea nako ea sebele ho ithuta liphello tsa mekhoa ea phekolo kapa maemo a fapaneng a liphatsa tsa lefutso, ho fana ka lintlha tsa bohlokoa mabapi le motheo oa limolek'hule tsa lefu le sepheo sa phekolo e ka 'nang ea e-ba teng.

Sistimi ea PCR ea nako ea 'nete le eona e thusa lithutong tsa genotyping ho tseba ka potlako le ka nepo mefuta e fapaneng ea liphatsa tsa lefutso le polymorphisms. Sena se bohlokoa haholo libakeng tse kang pharmacogenomics le meriana e etselitsoeng motho ka mong, moo liphapano tsa lefutso li ka susumetsang karabelo ea motho ho lithethefatsi le mekhoa ea kalafo. Ka ho sebelisa theknoloji ea PCR ea nako ea sebele, bafuputsi ba ka hlahloba ka nepo matšoao a liphatsa tsa lefutso a amanang le metabolism ea lithethefatsi, ho ba kotsing ea mafu, le liphello tsa phekolo.

Lefapheng la tlhahlobo ea mafu, litsamaiso tsa PCR tsa nako ea nnete li bapala karolo ea bohlokoa ho lemoheng le ho lekola mafu a tšoaetsanoang, mafu a lefutso le mofetše. Kutloelo-bohloko e phahameng le ho hlaka ha PCR ea nako ea nnete e etsa hore e be sethala se loketseng ho tsebahatsa likokoana-hloko tse kang libaktheria le livaerase lisampoleng tsa bongaka. Sena ke sa bohlokoa ka ho khetheha lipatlisisong tsa ho qhoma le boiteko ba ho beha leihlo, moo ho lemoha ka nako le ka nepo mehloli ea ts'oaetso ho leng bohlokoa bakeng sa litšebelisano tsa bophelo bo botle ba sechaba.

Ntle le moo, lits'ebetso tsa PCR tsa nako ea nnete li sebelisoa haholo ho hlahlobisisa le ho lekola mafu a lefutso le mofets'e. Ka ho shebana le liphetoho tse itseng tsa liphatsa tsa lefutso kapa mekhoa e sa tloaelehang ea polelo ea liphatsa tsa lefutso, baoki ba ka sebelisa PCR ea nako ea nnete ho thusa ho lemoha kapele, ho tsebahatsa, le tlhahlobo ea karabelo ea kalafo ea mafu a fapaneng a lefutso le a oncological. Ntlafatsa haholo tlhokomelo ea bakuli ka ho etsa hore liphekolo tsa motho ka mong le tse lebisitsoeng holima litšoaneleho tsa limolek'hule tsa mafu a motho ka mong.

Ha theknoloji ea PCR ea nako ea sebele e ntse e tsoela pele ho fetoha, tsoelo-pele e ncha e kang multiplex PCR le PCR ea digital e ntse e ntlafatsa bokhoni ba eona ba lipatlisiso le tlhahlobo. Multiplex ea nako ea 'nete PCR e khona ho bona tatellano ea liphofu tse ngata ka nako e le 'ngoe, e holisa boholo ba tlhahlobo ea limolek'hule le ho boloka lisebelisoa tsa bohlokoa tsa sampole. Digital PCR, ka lehlakoreng le leng, e fana ka palo e felletseng ea li-nucleic acid ka ho aba limolek'hule ka bomong ka likamoreng tse likete tsa karabelo, e fana ka kutlo e ke keng ea bapisoa le ho nepahala.

Ka kakaretso,tsamaiso ea nako ea sebele ea PCRe se e le sesebelisoa sa bohlokoahali sa ho ntlafatsa bokhoni ba lipatlisiso le tlhahlobo ho baeloji ea limolek'hule le meriana ea bongaka. Bokhoni ba bona ba ho fana ka tlhahlobo e potlakileng, e nepahetseng le e ngata ea nucleic acid e fetotse kutloisiso ea rona ea lits'ebetso tsa likokoana-hloko le mekhoa ea mafu le ho ntlafatsa tlhahlobo le taolo ea maemo a fapaneng a bophelo bo botle. Ha thekenoloji e ntse e tsoela pele ho ntlafatsa, lisebelisoa tsa PCR tsa nako ea sebele tsa fluorescence quantitative li tla tsoela pele ho khothalletsa tsoelo-pele ea lipatlisiso tsa saense le tlhokomelo ea meriana, qetellong e ruisa bakuli le sechaba ka kakaretso molemo.