Karolo ea litsamaiso tsa PCR tsa nako ea nnete merianang ea motho le genomics

Sistimi ea nako ea 'nete ea PCR (polymerase chain reaction) e se e le lisebelisoa tsa bohlokoa lefapheng le ntseng le fetoha ka potlako la bongaka ba motho le genomics. Litsamaiso tsena li thusa bafuputsi le lingaka ho sekaseka liphatsa tsa lefutso ka nepo le lebelo le neng le e-s'o ka le e-ba teng, ho bula tsela ea ho etsa maano a kalafo a motho ka mong le ho ntlafatsa kutloisiso ea mafu a rarahaneng.

Sistimi ea nako ea 'nete ea PCR, eo hape e tsejoang e le quantitative PCR (qPCR), ka nako e tšoanang holisa le ho lekanya DNA kapa RNA sampole. Theknoloji ena e bohlokoa haholo merianang e etselitsoeng motho ka mong, moo phekolo e lokisetsoang liphatsa tsa lefutso tsa motho. Ka ho fana ka litekanyo tse nepahetseng tsa maemo a polelo ea liphatsa tsa lefutso, litsamaiso tsa PCR tsa nako ea nnete li thusa ho tseba li-biomarker tse ka bolelang esale pele karabelo ea mokuli kalafong e itseng. Ka mohlala, ho oncology, litekanyetso tsa polelo ea liphatsa tsa lefutso tse itseng li ka bontša hore na mokuli a ka rua molemo liphekolong tse lebisitsoeng, kahoo a tataisa liqeto tsa phekolo le ho ntlafatsa liphello.

Ho feta moo, litsamaiso tsa PCR tsa nako ea 'nete li bapala karolo ea bohlokoa lefapheng la genomics, moo li ka sebelisoang ho netefatsa liphuputso tse tsoang ho mahlale a phahameng a ho latellana. Le hoja tatellano ea moloko o latelang (NGS) e ka fana ka kakaretso ea kakaretso ea lefutso la motho, PCR ea nako ea sebele e ka tiisa boteng le bongata ba mefuta e itseng ea lefutso e khetholloang ka tatellano. Netefatso ena ke ea bohlokoa ho netefatsa ho tšepahala ha lintlha tsa genomic, haholo-holo maemong a kliniki moo liqeto li etsoang ho latela boitsebiso ba lefutso.

Ho feto-fetoha ha mekhoa ea PCR ea nako ea sebele ha ho felle feela ho oncology le genomics. Li boetse li sebelisoa ho hlahloba mafu a tšoaetsanoang, moo ho lemoha ka potlako le ka nepo ha likokoana-hloko ho leng bohlokoa. Mohlala, nakong ea seoa sa COVID-19, PCR ea nako ea nnete e ile ea fetoha tekanyetso ea khauta ea ho fumana tšoaetso ea SARS-CoV-2. Bokhoni ba ho lekanya bongata ba kokoana-hloko ea mokuli ha bo thuse feela ho hlahlojoa, empa hape bo ka tsebisa mekhoa ea phekolo le likarabo tsa bophelo bo botle ba sechaba.

Ntle le tlhahlobo, lits'ebetso tsa PCR tsa nako ea nnete le tsona li ka thusa ho lekola tsoelo-pele ea mafu le katleho ea kalafo. Ka ho lekanya liphetoho tsa liphatsa tsa lefutso ka nako, lingaka li ka hlahloba hore na mokuli o arabela joang kalafong. Tlhokomelo ena e matla ke ea bohlokoa ka ho khetheha bakeng sa mafu a sa foleng, kaha mekhoa ea phekolo e ka 'na ea hloka ho lokisoa ho latela boemo ba lefutso bo fetohang ba mokuli.

Ha theknoloji e ntse e hatela pele, ho kopanngoa ha lisebelisoa tsa PCR tsa nako ea sebele ho meriana ea motho le genomics e matlafalitsoe le ho feta. Sistimi ea sejoale-joale e ntse e sebelisoa habonolo, e nang le likarolo tse ikemetseng tse ntlafatsang phallo ea mosebetsi le ho fokotsa monyetla oa liphoso tsa batho. Ho phaella moo, nts'etsopele ea multiplex ea nako ea sebele ea PCR e lumella ho lemoha ka nako e le 'ngoe lipakane tse ngata ka mokhoa o le mong, ho eketsa haholo ho feta le ho sebetsa hantle.