Litaba tsa Ngaka ea Liphoofolo: Tsoelo-pele ho lipatlisiso tsa Avian influenza

Litaba 01

Ho fumanoa ha pele ha mofuta o monyenyane oa H4N6 oa kokoana-hloko ea avian influenza mapitsing a mallard (Anas platyrhynchos) Iseraele.

Avishai Lublin, Nikki Thie, Irina Shkoda, Luba Simanov, Gila Kahila Bar-Gal, Yigal Farnoushi, Roni King, Wayne M Getz, Pauline L Kamath, Rauri CK Bowie, Ran Nathan

PMID: 35687561;DOI:10.1111/tbed.14610

Kokoana-hloko ea Avian influenza (AIV) e beha kotsi e kholo bophelong ba liphoofolo le batho lefatšeng ka bophara. Ha linonyana tsa metsing li fetisetsa AIV lefatšeng ka bophara, ho batlisisa ho ata ha AIV ho baahi ba hlaha ho bohlokoa ho utloisisa phetiso ea likokoana-hloko le ho bolela esale pele ho qhoma ha mafu liphoofolong tse ruuoang lapeng le bathong. Phuputsong ena, H4N6 subtype AIV e ile ya arolwa kgetlo la pele ho tswa ho disampole tsa mantle tsa matata a hlaha a hlaha (Anas platyrhynchos) Iseraele. liphetho tsa phylogenetic tsa liphatsa tsa lefutso tsa HA le NA li fana ka maikutlo a hore mofuta ona o amana haufi-ufi le libaka tse ka thōko tsa Europe le Asia. Kaha Iseraele e haufi le tsela e fallang ea Arctic-Afrika, ho nahanoa hore mofuta ona o ka 'na oa hlahisoa ke linonyana tse fallang. Tlhahlobo ea phylogenetic ea liphatsa tsa lefutso tsa ka hare tsa isolate (PB1, PB2, PA, NP, M le NS) e senotse boemo bo phahameng ba kamano ea phylogenetic le mefuta e meng ea AIV, e fana ka maikutlo a hore ketsahalo e fetileng ea ho kopanya hape e etsahetse sebakeng sena se ka thōko. Mofuta ona oa H4N6 oa AIV o na le sekhahla se phahameng sa ho kopanya hape, o ka tšoaetsa likolobe tse phetseng hantle le ho tlama li-receptor tsa batho, 'me e ka baka lefu la zoonotic nakong e tlang.

Litaba 02

Kakaretso ea avian influenza ho EU, Hlakubele-Phuptjane 2022

European Union Safety Authority, Setsi sa Europe sa Thibelo le Taolo ea Mafu, European Union Reference Laboratory bakeng sa Avian Influenza.

PMID: 35949938;PMCID:PMC9356771;DOI:10.2903/j.efsa.2022.7415;

Ka 2021-2022, lefu la avian influenza (HPAI) e ne e le seoa se matla ka ho fetisisa Europe, 'me ho qhoma ha linonyana tse 2,398 linaheng tse 36 tsa Europe ho ileng ha fella ka hore linonyana tse limilione tse 46 li bolaoe. pakeng tsa 16 March le 10 June 2022, kakaretso ea linaha tse 28 tsa EU / EEA le UK 1 182 mefuta ea kokoana-hloko ea kokoana-hloko ea avian influenza (HPAIV) e ne e arohane le likhoho (maemo a 750), liphoofolo tse hlaha (maemo a 410) le linonyana tse kholehong (22). linyeoe). Nakong ena e hlahlojoang, 86% ea likhoho tsa likhoho li bakiloe ke phetiso ea HPAIV, Fora e ikarabella bakeng sa 68% ea mafu a likhoho, Hungary bakeng sa 24% le linaha tse ling tse amehileng ka tlase ho 2% e ngoe le e ngoe. Jeremane e bile le palo e phahameng ka ho fetisisa ea ho phatloha ho linonyana tse hlaha (maemo a 158), e lateloa ke Netherlands (linyeoe tse 98) le UK (linyeoe tse 48).

Liphetho tsa tlhahlobo ea liphatsa tsa lefutso li fana ka maikutlo a hore HPAIV e teng hona joale Europe haholo-holo ke ea spectrum 2.3.4 b. Ho tloha tlalehong ea ho qetela, li-H5N6 tse 'nè, tse peli tsa H9N2 le tse peli tsa H3N8 tsa batho li tlalehiloe Chaena 'me tšoaetso e le' ngoe ea H5N1 e tlalehiloe USA. Kotsi ea ts'oaetso e ile ea nkoa e le tlase ho batho ka kakaretso 'me e le tlase ho isa ho e itekanetseng bakeng sa batho ba pepesehileng mosebetsing EU/EEA.

 Litaba 03

Liphetoho ho mesaletsa ea 127, 183 le 212 ho liphatsa tsa lefutso tsa HA li ama.

Antigenicity, replication and pathogenicity of H9N2 avian influenza virus

Menglu Fan,Bing Liang,Yongzhen Zhao,Yaping Zhang,Qingzheng Liu,Miao Tian,Yiqing Zheng,Huizhi Xia,Yasuo Suzuki,Hualan Chen,Jihui Ping

PMID: 34724348;DOI:10.1111/tbed.14363

Mofuta o monyenyane oa H9N2 oa kokoana-hloko ea avian influenza (AIV) ke e 'ngoe ea mefuta e meholo e amang bophelo bo botle ba indasteri ea likhoho. Thutong ena, mefuta e 'meli ea H9N2 subtype AIV e nang le liphatsa tsa lefutso tse tšoanang empa antigenicity e fapaneng, e bitsoang A/chicken/Jiangsu/75/2018 (JS/75) le A/chicken/Jiangsu/76/2018 (JS/76), e ne e le. ho arohana le polasi ya dikgoho. Tlhahlobo ea tatelano e bontšitse hore JS/75 le JS/76 li fapane ka masala a mararo a amino acid (127, 183 le 212) ea haemagglutinin (HA). Ho hlahloba phapang ea thepa ea likokoana-hloko pakeng tsa JS / 75 le JS / 76, likokoana-hloko tse tšeletseng tse kopanyang li ile tsa hlahisoa ho sebelisoa mokhoa o fapaneng oa liphatsa tsa lefutso le A / Puerto Rico / 8 / 1934 (PR8) e le ketane e kholo. Lintlha tse tsoang litekong tsa tlhaselo ea likhoho le liteko tsa HI li bonts'itse hore r-76 / PR8 e bonts'itse ho phonyoha ho hoholo ha antigenic ka lebaka la liphetoho tsa amino acid maemong a 127 le 183 mofuteng oa HA. Liphuputso tse ling li netefalitse hore glycosylation sebakeng sa 127N e etsahetse JS/76 le liphetoho tsa eona. Litlhahlobo tse tlamang li-receptor li bonts'itse hore livaerase tsohle tse kopanyang, ntle le 127N glycosylation-deficient mutant, li tlameletsoe habonolo ho li-receptor tsa humanoid. Litlhahlobo tsa khōlo ea kinetics le litoeba tse hlaselang li bontšitse hore kokoana-hloko ea 127N-glycosylated e ikatisitse ka tlaase ho lisele tsa A549 'me e ne e se na likokoana-hloko tse fokolang ho litoeba ha li bapisoa le kokoana-hloko ea mofuta o hlaha. Ka hona, liphetoho tsa glycosylation le amino acid ho HA gene li ikarabella bakeng sa phapang ea antigenicity le pathogenicity ea mefuta ea 2 H9N2.

Mohloli: Setsi sa Bophelo ba Liphoofolo sa Chaena le Setsi sa Epidemiology