Mokhoa oa ho arola le ho hloekisa li-nucleic acid ke ofe?

Li-asidi tsa nyutlelie, ho kenyeletsoa DNA le RNA, ke limolek'hule tsa bohlokoa tse bapalang karolo ea bohlokoa liphatseng tsa lefutso, baeloji ea limolek'hule le theknoloji ea baeloji. Bokhoni ba ho arola le ho hloekisa li-nucleic acid tsena bo bohlokoa bakeng sa lits'ebetso tse fapaneng, ho kenyeletsoa ho kopanya, ho hlophisa, le tlhahlobo ea polelo ea liphatsa tsa lefutso. Mekhoa ea ho hloekisa li-nucleic acid e kenyelletsa mekhoa e mengata e etselitsoeng ho ntša le ho hloekisa li-nucleic acid lisampoleng tsa baeloji. Sengoloa sena se hlahloba mekhoa ea ho arola le ho hloekisa li-nucleic acid 'me se totobatsa bohlokoa ba litsamaiso tsena lipatlisisong tsa saense tsa sejoale-joale.

Ho utloisisa tlhoekiso ea nucleic acid

Ho hlwekisa ha asiti ya nucleic ho bolela ho ntshwa ha DNA kapa RNA diseleng kapa dinama, ho latelwa ke ho tloswa ha ditshila tse kang diprotheine, mafura le ditshila tse ding tsa sele. Bohloeki le botšepehi ba di-nucleic acid tse arohaneng di bohlokwa bakeng sa tshebediso e theohelang tlase, kaha ditshila di ka thibela dikarabelo tsa enzymatic mme tsa ama ho nepahala ha diphetho tsa diteko.

Mekhoa e tloaelehileng ea ho itšehla thajana le ho hloekisa nucleic acid

Ho ntšoa ha phenol-chloroform:Mokhoa ona oa setso o sebelisa metsoako ea tlhaho ho arola li-nucleic acid ho liprotheine le likarolo tse ling tsa sele. Sampole e kopanngoa le phenol le chloroform, e leng se etsang hore li-nucleic acid li arohane karolong ea metsi, ha liprotheine li ntse li le karolong ea tlhaho. Kamora ho centrifugation, karolo ea metsi e nang le li-nucleic acid e bokelloa 'me e koaheloa ka ethanol.

Mekhoa e thehiloeng ho gel ea silika:Li-membrane tsa gel ea silica li sebelisoa haholo litsing tsa tlhoekiso ea nucleic acid ea khoebo. Molao-motheo oa mokhoa ona ke hore nucleic acid e tlama ho gel ea silica ka bongata bo phahameng ba letsoai. Kamora ho tlama, litšila lia hlatsuoa, ebe nucleic acid li tlosoa ka buffer kapa metsi a nang le letsoai le tlase. Mokhoa ona o ratoa hobane o potlakile, o sebetsa hantle, 'me o hlahisa nucleic acid e hloekileng haholo.

Tlhoekiso ea lifaha tsa makenete:Mokhoa ona o sebelisa lifaha tsa makenete tse koahetsoeng ka metsoako ea ho tlama nucleic acid. Ha sampole e kopanngoa le lifaha tsa makenete, nucleic acid li monya holim'a lifaha. Lifaha li aroloa ho tsoa tharollong ho sebelisoa makenete, kahoo li tlosa litšila. Mokhoa ona o na le mekhoa e mengata 'me o ka etsoa ka boiketsetso, o etsa hore o lokele lits'ebetso tse nang le phallo e phahameng.

Chromatography ea kholomo:Mokhoa ona o kenyelletsa ho fetisa sampole ka har'a kholomo ea chromatographic e tletseng karolo e sa sisinyeheng e bolokang li-nucleic acid ka khetho. Mefuta e fapaneng ea likholomo e ka sebelisoa, ho kenyeletsoa le tse thehiloeng ho qheleloeng ka boholo kapa melao-motheo ea phapanyetsano ea li-ion. Li-nucleic acid lia tsoa kholomong, e leng se fellang ka sampole e hloekisitsoeng.

Mekhoa ea li-enzyme:Mekhoa ea li-enzyme, joalo ka e sebelisang DNase kapa RNase, e ka sebelisoa ho senya li-nucleic acid kapa litšila tse sa batleheng ka mokhoa o ikhethileng. Mokhoa ona o sebetsa haholo ha ho sebetsoa lisampole tse rarahaneng, tse kang tse nang le DNA le RNA.

Ha re phethela

Ho aroloa le ho hloekisoa ha nucleic acid ke mehato ea bohlokoa lipatlisisong le lits'ebetsong tsa baeloji ea limolek'hule.Mekhoa ea ho hloekisa asiti ea nucleicfa bafuputsi mekhoa e fapaneng ea ho fumana li-nucleic acid tsa boleng bo holimo tse loketseng lits'ebetso tse tlase. Ebang ho sebelisoa phenol-chloroform ea setso kapa mekhoa ea sejoale-joale joalo ka silica gel kapa tlhoekiso e thehiloeng holim'a magnetic bead, khetho ea mokhoa e itšetlehile ka litlhoko tse ikhethileng tsa teko le mofuta oa sampole. Ka tsoelo-pele ea theknoloji, litsamaiso tsena tsa tlhoekiso li ntse li fetoha ka ho tsoelang pele, li ntlafatsa bokhoni, lebelo le ts'epo, qetellong li ntlafatsa bokhoni ba bafuputsi lefapheng la baeloji ea limolek'hule.